<<Unit 11>>

The General Decision-Making Style (GDMS) test is a psychological instrument developed by Scott and Bruce for two reasons:

1) Their goal was to typify individual differences in decision-making habits and practices, in the domain of career development and vocational behavior studies.

2) The model also emerged inductively out of research plus reviews of the relevant literature, and was subsequently supported by further empirical studies and independent factor analyses. In a sense the model “suggested itself” (Scott & Bruce, 1995).

In their conception, decision-making style is a learned habitual response, resulting in “a habit-based propensity to react a certain way in a specific decision context.” It has been found that people use more than one decision-making style, but one is dominant.

The GDMS underwent a cycle or validation and revision, resulting in the following four decision-making styles:

P – Spontaneous: Sense of immediacy and persistent desire to always finalize decisions as quickly as possible.
A – Rational: comprehensive info search, explicit inventory of alternatives and logical evaluation of options.
E – Intuitive: Alerted by salient details in the flow of information rather than following systematic procedures, more reliance on implicit learning and tacit awareness (“hunches” or “feelings”) as a basis for decisions.
I – Dependent: Resolves uncertainty through consultation, more interested in advice and guidance from others than other styles are.

http://paei.wikidot.com/scott-bruce-general-decision-making-style-gdms

What is your style?

Back in 2013, Dan Lovallo and Olivier Sibony authored a study based on 5,000 survey responses from the McKinsey Quarterly and the Harvard Business Review, identifying five techniques which they called

• Catalyst
• Adaptor
• Guardian
• Motivator
• Visionary

The diametrically opposed spectrum of six items are:

1.       Process

2.       Tendency

3.       Information Gathering

4.       Interest Priority

5.       Action Potential

6.       Persuasion Style

https://stewartcoopercoon.com/how-do-you-decide-identifying-your-decision-making-style/

How good is your decision-making?

Find it out with this tool: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTED_79.htm

 Theory

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences

 http://www.english-4u.de/conditional_clauses.htm

Type 1

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-1/exercises

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-1/exercises?02

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_1_aussagen.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_1_verneinung.htm

 http://www.learnenglish.de/Games/Conditionals/type1.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/ifsaetze1.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/if.htm

Type 2

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-2/exercises

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-2/exercises?02

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_2_aussagen.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_2_verneinung.htm

 http://www.learnenglish.de/Games/Conditionals/type2.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/iftyp2.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/iftypii.htm

Type 3

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-3/exercises

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-3/exercises?02

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_3_aussagen.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_3_verneinung.htm

 http://www.learnenglish.de/Games/Conditionals/type3.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/8klasse/ifsaet3.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/iftypiii.htm

Mixed

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex1.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex2.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex3.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex4.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex5.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex6.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex7.htm

 http://www.english-4u.de/cond_clauses_ex8.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/mix.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/mix2.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/mix3.htm

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?02

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?03

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?04

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?05

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?06

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/mixed1.htm

 http://www.kico4u.de/english/uebungen/if-clauses/ifmixandmat.htm

Exceptions

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exceptions/exercises

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exceptions/exercises?02

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exceptions/exercises?03

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exceptions/exercises?04

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exceptions/exercises?05

 htt://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_1_mix4.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_2_mix4.htm

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/if_saetze/typ_3_mix4.htm

Tests

 http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/complex_tests/if_saetze1/index.php

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/conditional-sentences-1

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/conditional-sentences-2

 http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/conditional-sentences-3

Exercises:

https://www.englishpage.com/conditional/conditional1.htm

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-9388.php

https://english.lingolia.com/en/vocabulary/confusing-words/when-if/exercises

Exercises

https://www.grammarbank.com/if-unless-exercise-2.html

https://www.englishgrammar.org/or-exercise/

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-85665.php

https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/unless-and-if

http://a4esl.org/q/j/vm/fb-iforunless.html

How to use «if»

• giving advice: If I were you, ...
• suggesting: What if we go ...
• wishing: If I could only ...
• making a request: If you don't mind, I would ...

The Decision Game, p. 77